tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37545526269732698532024-03-24T19:31:53.414-04:00Back To Malta (MaltaMade@gmail.com)Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.comBlogger132125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-2210432974712168602016-10-13T11:33:00.001-04:002016-10-13T11:35:02.433-04:00The Chalet - Sliema (1926 - 1959)<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/hwbjFH8AbUI" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe><br />
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</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-82384714504993061372016-05-29T14:27:00.001-04:002016-05-29T14:27:47.811-04:00St Helen’s titular statue restored to former glory<a href="http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20140817/life-features/St-Helen-s-titular-statue-restored-to-former-glory.532337#.V0s0fcW_UdQ.blogger">St Helen’s titular statue restored to former glory</a>: Chevalier Vincenzo Borg Brared was one of the main benefactors of St Helen’s basilica, Birkirkara, and it was his life’s wish to donate a processional statue of the patron saint to his home town church. His dream materialised when he signed a contract with sculptor Salvatore Psaila on August 26,...Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com23tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-40032383834623481652015-03-23T00:03:00.000-04:002015-03-23T00:03:00.293-04:00Former Prime Minister of Malta Dom Mintoff and Fred part 3<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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http://youtu.be/e1SgjrEkWz0<br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Part 3 of the interview betwwen former Prime Minister of Malta Dom Mintoff and freddy Fenech in 1991</span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-81530906545290876772015-03-16T00:00:00.000-04:002015-03-16T00:00:08.893-04:00Former Prime Minister of Malta Dom Mintoff part 2 of 3<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Part 2 of the visit of the former Prime Minister of Malta to Toronto in 1991</span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-76898442814436327522015-03-09T00:00:00.000-04:002015-03-09T00:00:00.090-04:00Former Prime Minister of Malta Dom Mintoff part 1 of 3<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">The former Prime Minister of Malta Dom Mintoff interviewd by fred fenech in Canada in 1991</span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-5906973676290272082015-03-02T00:00:00.000-05:002015-03-02T00:00:08.218-05:00Mintoff Addresing the Maltese Clubs in Toronto<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<strong class="watch-time-text" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;">Uploaded on Oct 10, 2010</strong></div>
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The former Prim Minister of Malta Addressing the Maltese and Gozitans Clubs in Toronto in 1991</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-6332090574931075642015-02-23T00:00:00.000-05:002015-02-23T00:00:04.120-05:00The Problem of Malta - British Pathe (1955)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<strong class="watch-time-text" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;">Uploaded on Jan 30, 2011</strong></div>
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Seated with the Minister of Agriculture Mr Cole, 38 year old Dom Mintoff sums up his integration proposal plan in 10 Downing Street.<br /><br />Courtesy to British Pathe.</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-33600487752397101442015-02-16T00:00:00.000-05:002015-02-16T00:00:04.503-05:00Malta in 1933<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a class="g-hovercard yt-uix-sessionlink yt-user-name " data-name="watch" data-sessionlink="ei=k4xAVOzoD4bprgaFqIDYBw&feature=watch" data-ytid="UCePGrlWlW77JTjoJ7XuhItA" dir="ltr" href="http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCePGrlWlW77JTjoJ7XuhItA" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; font-weight: bold; height: 22px; line-height: 11.8181819915771px; margin: 0px; max-width: 315px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-overflow: ellipsis; vertical-align: top; white-space: nowrap;">Francis Valletta</a><br /><div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-6572664634062018692015-02-02T00:00:00.000-05:002015-02-02T00:00:08.271-05:001960 Malta<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-49178626581136024182015-01-21T00:00:00.000-05:002015-01-21T00:00:04.686-05:001940 Malta before the bombs fell<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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http://youtu.be/qoe92hEm7Uo<br />
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<a class="g-hovercard yt-uix-sessionlink yt-user-name " data-name="watch" data-sessionlink="feature=watch&ei=6o5AVKmqL9TIrgaqg4DwDA" data-ytid="UCYTKKTJHPVZLI0LZZHaNxJA" dir="ltr" href="http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYTKKTJHPVZLI0LZZHaNxJA" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; font-weight: bold; height: 22px; line-height: 11.8181819915771px; margin: 0px; max-width: 315px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-overflow: ellipsis; vertical-align: top; white-space: nowrap;">skoblinI</a><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">June 18, 1940. Giornale Italie No. 049. The island of Malta, claimed by Italy. Shown are ships of the Royal Navy (probably HMS Warspite, HMS Malaya, and the escort carrier HMS Eagle). An unveiling of a bust in honour of Fortunato Mizzi, founder of the pro-Italian movement on Malta.</span><br />
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-28065812262941928262015-01-14T23:36:00.000-05:002015-01-14T23:36:00.332-05:001940-42 The Battle for Malta - Color Footage<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a class="g-hovercard yt-uix-sessionlink yt-user-name " data-name="watch" data-sessionlink="ei=yY1AVIejEIq0rwaLnYC4Cw&feature=watch" data-ytid="UC1elWDfDMDDDQk4LtxSnSoQ" dir="ltr" href="http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1elWDfDMDDDQk4LtxSnSoQ" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; font-weight: bold; height: 22px; line-height: 11.8181819915771px; margin: 0px; max-width: 315px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-overflow: ellipsis; vertical-align: top; white-space: nowrap;">Unknown WW2 in Color 2</a></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-82291891187621185852015-01-14T00:00:00.000-05:002015-01-14T00:00:03.014-05:001940-42 The Battle for Malta - Color Footage<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-35017626872430910652015-01-09T00:00:00.000-05:002015-01-14T10:39:21.223-05:00Smyrna Fire Photo Album <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
http://levantineheritage.com/fire.htm<br />
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9 Sep 1922<br />
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For more information please see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Fire_of_Smyrna</div>
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Turkish troops entering Smyrna 9th September 1922<br />
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The British Consul of Smyrna (Sir Harry H. Lamb on the right?) and wife at Smyrna Quay during the Kemalist occupation, 9-9-1922.</div>
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Mustafa Kemal and fellow generals enter the newly liberated Izmir 10-9-1922.</div>
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Turkish troops entering Karşıyaka.</div>
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Views of the evacuation of Smyrna.</div>
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Rare photo (by S.L. Cassar) of the chaotic conditions on the quayside as civilians try to escape the city. The shot appears to be taken before the fire, in the <a href="http://levantineheritage.com/punta.htm" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;">Konak end</a> of the Punta seafront, an area mostly spared the effects of the fire. The refugee problem and moving such a large number in a small space of time caused the Allies a lot of consternation - <em><a href="http://levantineheritage.com/pdf/smyrna1922.pdf" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">The New York Times</a></em> article from Oct 4 1922:</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
The trajedy unfolds...</div>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" id="3" name="3"></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire47.jpg" height="243" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire33.jpg" height="262" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img alt="image courtesy of Mr Gregory Pos" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire2.jpg" height="258" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
View of the fire with HMS Iron Duke in the foreground</div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire6.jpg" height="257" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire48.jpg" height="244" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire58.jpg" height="254" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire61.jpg" height="254" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire64.jpg" height="292" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire65.jpg" height="249" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire79.jpg" height="247" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="4"></a><br />
<table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img alt="image courtesy of Mr Gregory Pos" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/maine.jpg" height="196" width="320" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
The passangers on deck of the hospital ship Maine (carrying 407 refugees) seem to have a last look towards Smyrna, on their way to Malta. The photographer of this is S.L. Cassar, of Maltese origin, operating from Malta around 1916 and who was established in Smyrna in 1890.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="6"></a><br />
<table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img alt="image courtesy of Roland Richichi" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire4.jpg" height="250" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
The aftermath of the fire on the old St Joseph School, on the ‘Rue des Roses’, the street now lives on with its Turkish translation name, ‘Gül Sokak’. The building stands no more, the street is now residential with luxury shops.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img alt="image courtesy of Roland Richichi" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire5.jpg" height="250" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
Fire damage in the Bella vista neighbourhood of Smyrna, today equating to the ‘Gündoğdu Meydanı’.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire69.jpg" height="400" width="256" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
In the distance a view of the Orthodox Church of Agios Ioannis Kerasochoras in Schinadika (<a href="http://levantineheritage.com/keraschoras.htm" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">closer views</a>), taken from south-west, with its dome semi-collapsed.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire11.jpg" height="239" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img alt="photo taken by S.L. Cassar" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire18.jpg" height="245" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img alt="The ruins of the Chapel of the French Hospital" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire13.jpg" height="400" width="316" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
Click <a href="http://levantineheritage.com/chapel.htm" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">here</a> for post-fire views of the interior of the Chapel of the French Hospital.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img alt="image courtesy of Okan Çetin" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire31.jpg" height="308" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
The lady with white bonnet is certainly from Soeurs de la Charité and de Saint Vincent. She could be investigating the remnanats of Sacré Coeur school (currently Ticaret Lisesi). Thus, the freres catholiques may be Capuchin monks from St. Polycarpe Church.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img alt="Scotch Mission" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/scotchm1.jpg" height="400" width="295" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img alt="Providence Institut" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire99.jpg" height="400" width="258" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img alt="image courtesy of Roland Richichi" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire9.jpg" height="256" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire78.jpg" height="246" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire56.jpg" height="250" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire83.jpg" height="253" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
<a href="http://levantineheritage.com/note116.htm" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Further information</a> on this hospital.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire85.jpg" height="400" width="257" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
<a href="http://levantineheritage.com/orthospital.htm" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">The Greek Orthodox hospital.</a></div>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img alt="image courtesy of Achilleas Chatziconstantinou" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire39.jpg" height="317" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire19.jpg" height="400" width="263" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire97.jpg" height="265" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire68.jpg" height="228" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire106.jpg" height="400" width="255" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
<a href="http://levantineheritage.com/frankst.htm" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Frank Street</a>.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img alt="1922" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire37.jpg" height="400" width="253" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire50.jpg" height="400" width="263" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire101.jpg" height="265" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire102.jpg" height="400" width="252" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire104.jpg" height="400" width="257" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><a href="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire105l.jpg" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;"><img border="0" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire105.jpg" height="400" width="251" /></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire14.jpg" height="245" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire15.jpg" height="248" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire17.jpg" height="237" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire20.jpg" height="241" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
Possibly taken from the rooftop of St.John’s Cathedral, with the Izmir Italian (La Centrale) School.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire42.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><a href="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire91l.jpg" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><img border="0" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire91.jpg" height="251" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire43.jpg" height="246" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire44.jpg" height="241" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire55.jpg" height="237" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire45.jpg" height="250" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire54.jpg" height="235" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire57.jpg" height="253" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
<a href="http://levantineheritage.com/lazaristsch.htm" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Further images</a> of the Sacre Coeur Chapel.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire81.jpg" height="400" width="258" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire51.jpg" height="330" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td><a href="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire98l.jpg" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><img border="0" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire98.jpg" height="400" width="250" /></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire21.jpg" height="253" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire22.jpg" height="254" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
The fire damaged Agios Ioannis Keraschoras Orthodox church from both sides.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire52.jpg" height="308" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire16.jpg" height="248" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
The interior is of the Church of Agios Ioannes Prodromos sten <a href="http://levantineheritage.com/keraschoras.htm" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Kerasochori</a>, on the southern edge of Punta, just after the 1922 fire.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire53.jpg" height="324" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img alt="image courtesy of George Poulimenos" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire23.jpg" height="268" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
The <a href="http://levantineheritage.com/evangelistria.htm" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Evangelistria</a> (Annunciation of Virgin Mary) the Orthodox church that seems to have stood pretty untouched in the fire, probably protected by what appear to be its high walls.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire25.jpg" height="248" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
The same church isolated in the southern end of the fire zone apparently a few years later.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><a href="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire66l.jpg" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><img alt="click for larger image" border="0" src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire66.jpg" height="237" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire82.jpg" height="270" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire71.jpg" height="231" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire73.jpg" height="273" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
A Royal Navy launch towing a cutter full of Greek refugees to an awaiting ship in Smyrna harbour during the post-fire evacuation.</div>
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<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire88.jpg" height="260" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire89.jpg" height="254" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire90.jpg" height="260" width="400" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><div id="text" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
<a href="http://levantineheritage.com/evac.htm" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Additional images</a> of refugees.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#3e4048" cellpadding="1"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><img src="http://levantineheritage.com/i/fire74.jpg" height="263" width="400" /></td></tr>
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A British aid ship at the Pasaport harbour, Smyrna, Sept. 1922.</div>
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The aftermath. The wording on photo: ‘The burnt places of Izmir Kordon - Photo Cemaleddin’. The building on the right with the dome is The Izmir Italian (<a href="http://levantineheritage.com/lacentrale.htm" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">La Centrale</a>) School, one of the few to survive in the region relatively intact. Demolished in the 1940s near present day Republic Square (between present day 9th Sept. University rector’s office and the French Cultural Institute), to allow the widening of the ‘Second Kordon’ road there. The ruins of the building in front are those of ‘Cafe de Paris’ and the one with the flag to the left, the ‘Sporting Club’ - translation and information courtesy of Melisa Urgandokur.</div>
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Views from the 1st anniversary victory celebrations in September 1924 (in Ottoman script: 9 Tesrivevvel 1340).</div>
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Celebratory march-past on the occasion of Ataturk’s visit to Izmir in 1923. The text reads ‘<em>8 Cemaziyelahir Sene 1341 Kışla parkında sene-i devriyesi</em>’ [In Kışla park, 26 January 1923] when Mustafa Kemal visited the city when his mother Zubeyde Hanım died (14 Jan.) and shortly after (29 Jan.) he married Latife Hanım in Izmir.</div>
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Liberation celebrations of 9 September 1341 (1924) in front of the Basmane train station, Izmir.</div>
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The reconstruction, a view from 1927.</div>
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Slow pace of reconstruction in evidence from this photo from 1928.</div>
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Archive movie | <a href="http://levantineheritage.com/occup.htm" style="color: darkblue; text-decoration: none;">images</a> of the earlier occupation of this city</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-86222028032336867452015-01-08T19:01:00.004-05:002015-01-14T10:30:02.481-05:00MALTESE SURVIVORS OF SMYRNA by Henry Frendo<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b>MALTESE SURVIVORS OF SMYRNA</b></div>
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<b>Henry Frendo</b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
To the Greeks, Smyrna represents the ‘Hellenic Genocide’; to the Turks, the ‘National War of Independence’. Independence, or ‘liberation’, this may certainly have been, an achievement now fully-ingrained in the mythology of secular Turkish nationalism, symbolized by the steely-eyed portrait of Kemal Ataturk in military uniform staring down at you from every public and not-so-public edifice throughout modern-day Turkey. But it was, nevertheless, a ‘liberation’ born of a tragedy so riveting that it is as difficult as it is disturbing to perceive or to portray. Some historical film footage and photography survive in the public domain of the Smyrna shore-line bellowing smoke like a colossal furnace, almost completely destroying what was for millennia a prime centre of Hellenistic, later Roman and Christian culture, before the advent of Islam, the crusades, the fall of Constantinople and the rise of the Ottoman Empire, at its height in the sixteenth century. The ancient sites of Pergamon and Ephesus still partly stand, and are not too far.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title="">[1]</a><br />
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During a maritime history colloquium in what is now called Izmir<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title="">[2]</a> in May 2010, one Turkish scholar, basing himself on archival materials from the Prime Minister’s Office in what became Istanbul, outlined what a priority the taking of Malta in 1565 had been for the sultan, the attempt to take it negatively affecting other Ottoman foreign policy interests in the Balkans and North Africa.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title="">[3]</a> But as that empire slowly declined and then disintegrated following the defeat of Germany, and Turkey with her, in the First World War, there was a rush for the spoils. Turkey proper got the lands around Ankara but much else was split up, including the Western shore with Smyrna at the heart of it. By international treaty, this was delegated in a four-power administrative sectoral arrangement to Britain, France, Italy and the U.S.A. In Asia Minor there was, as always, a large Greek presence which, egged on by some of those Western powers, made bold to seize more land, venturing out of the perimeters assigned to it. It was a strategic blunder which led to the most dire consequences, not least for the Greeks themselves. For if the newly-emergent Young Turks battling the humiliation of disintegration and defeat had a priority this time, it was the consolidation of Turkey into a modern independent state. That, to them, meant getting rid of the Greeks, the Europeans and Christians, one of whose last remaining Near Eastern strongholds, and the most thriving one, centred around Smyrna. The Turkish army routed the Greeks and proceeded to ensure that their presence on the now Turkish mainland would be erased beyond the possibility of restoration.<br />
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The Turkish cavalry rode in ferociously and victoriously on 9 September 1922. On a moodily windy day, petrol was poured over houses and edifices, including imposing historic buildings such as the Customs House. Starting from the Armenian quarter, the fires spread. Soldiers rushed up the steps of the Greek consulate, replacing the Greek flag with a Turkish one. As thick clouds of smoke bellowed to the heavens, Western European and American ships moored in the Gulf of Smyrna tried frantically, in the ensuing chaos, to take on as many passport-holding European Christian refugees as could make it to the boats in the choppy waters and clamber up to safety from incineration. An estimated 100,000 died in the flames or were otherwise slaughtered on that fateful day, but this figure goes up and up for Armenians, Greeks, Assyrians and others. The Greek Orthodox metropolitan Chrysostom, who had supported a Greek return in 1919, was brutally tortured to death by a Muslim mob. Innumerable instances of rape and pillage<br />
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[p.357]</div>
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<b>Refugees from Smyrna walking on the quay-side trying to obtain transportation from the city in September 1922. (</b><b><i>Photo by courtesy of Dr A. Abela Medici</i></b><b>)</b></div>
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<b>8 September 1922: Refugees leaving Smyrna on HMS </b><b><i>Maine</i></b><b>. Overcrowding was the order of the day. (</b><b><i>Photo by courtesy of Dr A. Abela Medici</i></b><b>)</b></div>
[p.358] were reported but nobody has exact figures. That was neither the first nor the last pogrom in Turkey but it was certainly the most dramatic and definite.<br />
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‘The sea was red, red with human blood’, recalled one Smyrna-born Maltese resident and eye-witness re-evoking the terrible day seventy years later at his house in Birgu. ‘I saw bodies floating all around.’ A third-generation Maltese of Smyrna, Vincent Cilia La Corte was 11 years old in September 1922. Understandably, he retained very vivid memories of the Smyrna fire and evacuation that changed his life, traumatizing a generation or two, so soon after the Armenian genocide during the Gallipoli campaign. Cilia’s family made it aboard a British ship in Smyrna Bay (from the Valletta-based Mediterranean Fleet) and ended up in Malta, whose language the young lad barely spoke beyond ‘iva’, ‘le’, ‘ejja’, ‘mur’…<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title="">[4]</a><br />
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When I proposed the figure of 1,800 Maltese in pre-1922 Smyrna to the British consul at his office in Izmir on Thursday 6 May 2010, he shook his head. ‘No, there were more,’ he said; ‘about 3,000.’ The British consul, Willie Buttigieg, was another third-generation Maltese of Smyrna. Contrary to a widespread general impression that there are no more Maltese left in Turkey after all that had happened, and so many years later, it transpires that, in fact, there still survive tiny communities in Izmir as well as in Istanbul. They are individuals and families without the communal networking that had existed earlier, too few to get organized, but they know of each other and still identify Maltese ancestry. ‘We have Calleja, Buttigieg, Micallef, Ellul, Cassar, Portelli… Cassar passed away recently…’ Buttigieg added that, to facilitate survival in 1922, some Maltese exhibited the Union Jack on the roofs of their houses.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title="">[5]</a> ‘<br />
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We also have Vassallo’, Dr Ahmed Calik, the Maltese consul in Izmir, added on another occasion. I first met him on Friday 7 May 2010 – the British and Maltese consuls came together to the conference session I was chairing that morning – and again, for dinner with his wife at the Commercial Club overlooking the Gulf of Smyrna, on Saturday 8 May. I mentioned a Micallef who, I had learned, was the president of the Church of the Virgin Mary Association in Ephesus, where St Paul once tried to preach in the huge amphitheatre. ‘Yes, Noel Micallef’, he said; ‘I have been there; he invited me.’<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title="">[6]</a>According to Professor Akif Erdogru of Ege University, some Maltese in Izmir today tend to speak Italian and are close to the Italian consulate. Other Maltese had arrived from the Ionian Islands so they ‘were closer to the Greeks than to the Italians’.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title="">[7]</a><br />
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As a rule, none of these survivors in Turkey spoke Maltese. The ones in Malta did, because they had learnt or improved it, and these had occasion – and the need – to practice it in their daily lives or professions. However, when I met [p.359] Patri Alphonse Sammut at the Franciscan convent in Birkirkara on Thursday 14 January 2010 – he spent the best part of the last thirty years in Turkey – he told me that at least one of his parishioners in Istanbul, Mrs Gauci, spoke fluent Maltese.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title="">[8]</a> She was one of those who had returned to Malta but then, in spite of everything, gravitated back to Istanbul, where several Maltese used to have property, relatives, business interests and evidently fond memories. Typically, the meeting places mostly centred around the Catholic parishes, in this case around Galata and Pera, where Count Amadeo Preziosi had his famous <i>atelier </i>in the nineteenth century. There are still two or three antique/art shops in the Pera district where, if you are lucky, you might still land a good Preziosi. (If you are bargaining, don’t say you’re Maltese.)<br />
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Finding any tangible traces of the Maltese presence in Smyrna is a very tall order. Fr Sammut told me that there had been a few of the typically wooden balconies, similar to the Maltese ones, which had Maltese crosses – the eight pointed cross – inscribed on them. Search as you might, however, there was no sign of these. ‘I have never seen one’, the British consul Buttigieg replied when asked about this.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" title="">[9]</a> Many of the still surviving wooden balconies in the northern tip of Smyrna, known in the past as La Punta, which escaped the fire, are in a bad state, although a few are being repaired. Others are still as imposing as ever, an eloquent testimony to the artistry and elegance of times past. The familiar sight of scaffolding alongside some of these old houses bodes ill if demolition, rather than restoration, is what lies in store for them.<br />
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There are Catholic and other Christian churches, a monastery, a convent, St Polycarp in particular – St Polycarp was Smyrna’s first bishop in a tradition linking up directly to apostolic times. But this artistic gem seems to be generally closed except on special occasions, probably when there are services. It was sad to see it not only surrounded by iron fencing but also wood-barred throughout for security, so that even its once socially vibrant internal garden surroundings are barely visible from the streets encircling its modest, detached confines. Another onetime Catholic church called St John’s Cathedral, not far from the American consulate, is contracted out to some American sect, again with strict security arrangements and restricted entry permits. However, two or three other Catholic establishments, with some Maltese connections, survive, the most easily accessible being that of a mainly Italian-run one dedicated to the Holy Virgin of the Rosary, where Mass is said regularly, usually but not necessarily in Turkish. On Sunday, 9 May 2010, it hosted a respectable congregation with a fair sprinkling [p.360] of younger people and couples. In the grounds of this then Dominican-run church is where hundreds of Maltese and other Europeans huddled, inside or outside, as they sought some kind of refuge or sanctuary in escaping the 9 September 1922 carnage. Attard claims that ‘more than 3,000 people, mostly Christians, sought refuge with the Dominicans … (who) at Holy Rosary Church were the only hope for those with nowhere to go. Many were placed inside the church itself while the Red Cross put up tents in front of the same church.’<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" title="">[10]</a> This church in its present condition is not so big but it is a detached building and recessed from the street, with a sizeable pathway and front garden leading up to the main door, although 3,000 persons still would have had to cram like sardines to fit in such spaces.<br />
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Books on Smyrna’s history which pre-date Young Turk days are impossible to come by in Izmir’s leading bookshops. The year 1922 tends to be commonly passed off as ‘the Great Fire’, <i>abracadabra</i>, and there is a general reluctance to engage in historical discussion, an induced amnesia or a preference to forget. Turkey still does not recognize the Armenian genocide of 1915, although when the editor of an Armenian newspaper was assassinated a few years ago, thousands marched in protest saying ‘We are all Armenians’. Post-independence Izmir is a modern city of four million inhabitants, with high-rise buildings and plenty of business enterprises and restaurants. The past indeed seems far removed; except in a few peripheral enclaves, it is nowhere to be seen. As a ‘futurist’, Marinetti would have liked it here. Contemporary Izmir, above all, is a free and functioning metropolis with a leisurely hustle and bustle in the bazaars, modern shopping arcades, organized traffic, and the extensive, beautifully landscaped seaside promenade that once was in flames. In the secular Kemalist legacy, Islamist fundamentalist characteristics are absent; there are less veiled women in Izmir than in Valletta.<br />
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Smyrna, while it lasted, was a different world. One has to re-create it, relying in part on largely oral inter-generational flashbacks. Many documentary sources have gone missing in Smyrna itself or were destroyed under statute in London, as indeed were many Maltese petitions for subsidies and other forms of assistance after 1922.<br />
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As may be seen from an old map being partially reproduced here, Smyrna was practically a non-Turkish city. Politically divided into sectors, it was socially divided into quarters. The Maltese were too small to have their own quarter, such as the French, Armenians or Italians; but they generally integrated with the Catholic parish communities, although many spoke Greek, French and Italian, frequently in addition to Maltese. Above all, they were Roman Catholics and British subjects, registered at the British consulate (which lost practically all its records in and after 1922). Smyrna here would resemble Alexandria: that would make for a [p.361] fascinating comparative study. In Alexandria, the Maltese were much more numerous, they may have started going a little earlier, and stayed longer, until the 1950s, and they were rather closer to home. Their hinterland was Africa, not Asia Minor, although both these cities were European-settled Mediterranean ports. In neither one nor the other were the indigenous religious surroundings by any means exclusively Muslim, not historically. In both, sizeable locally-rooted Christian communities - be they Copt or Armenian - predated Islamization.<br />
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In May 1919, the supreme council of the Paris Peace Commission had endorsed the Greek army’s landing at Smyrna in western Anatolia but not in Constantinople; other former Ottoman territories, including Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Iraq, the Dodecanese Islands and Antalya, were ceded to France, Britain and Italy. Out of Smyrna’s population of some half-a-million until1922, Turkish Muslims were in a minority of about 43%. Greek and Armenian Christians, whose connections there went back millennia, were somewhat more numerous, about 6% were Jews and 5% ‘foreigners’. In Smyrna, as in Alexandria and elsewhere, Christian Europeans could live and trade in the Ottoman Empire by means of capitular treaties entered into between the sultans and European Christian states giving extra-territorial rights to their subjects, mainly for purposes of trade and commerce.<br />
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<b>The social divisions of Smyrna into sectors (or quarters) in 1922.</b></div>
From what could be garnered mainly from interviews, what follows is a modest attempt to identify a skeletal history and an occupational lifestyle of the Maltese of Smyrna prior to 1922, and then briefly to trace or at least to indicate their fate [p.362] afterwards. This has been a largely neglected research area of Maltese history; so much remains to be done, preferably on site.<br />
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Immigration to Smyrna generally followed the Mediterranean pattern of Maltese overseas settlement. Persons who were unemployed or under-employed, or who saw opportunity knock <i>outré mer</i>, started to leave in the first half of the nineteenth century. They travelled by boat – the <i>speronara </i>– or by ship to coastal ports within the Mediterranean basin. These expeditions started on an individual basis before the period of European colonization but were greatly accelerated by it. Most conspicuously, in the Ionian Islands, this settlement, difficult as it was in some areas, was facilitated by the British presence between 1814 and 1864: the settlement lasted well beyond it, and survives to this day especially, but not only, in Corfù. Turkey, or rather the Ottoman Empire, was an exception in that neither Constantinople nor Smyrna were colonized as such, but considerable European activity flourished and, in spite of occasional disruptions, continued. This is brought out by Giles Milton in his book <i>Paradise Lost: Smyrna 1922: The Destruction of Islam's Capital City of Tolerance</i>(2008) where some of Smyrna’s European families are mentioned.<br />
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Turkey’s siding with Germany in the First World War owed something to the increasing German investment in Turkish development and modernization, such as railway construction. What this meant, too, was a demand for labour, always an attraction to Maltese workers, skilled and unskilled. Smyrna, like Valletta, was a thriving entrêpot port, bordering the Mediterranean; hence, it was a choice location although somewhat further removed than the North African ports. Maltese settlers earned a living usually doing what they had best been accustomed to do in and around the Grand Harbour. Quite unlike the Maltese experience in the Ionian Islands, there was no Maltese agricultural activity in Smryna – Willie Buttigieg excluded this outright; many Greeks and Italians, however, were engaged in agriculture. Buttigieg’s father was a boat builder working on the wharf in the area then known as <i>La Punta</i>, and I could have a guided look at where he used to moor his boat, but the son recalled the Maltese of Smyrna performing a wide variety of jobs, as tinsmiths for example. From other interviews with two Smyrnaborn Maltese, who had returned to Malta and whom I could locate through the grapevine in the early 1990s – another, Mary Borg, had unfortunately just passed away – one can surmise Maltese occupational trends.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" title="">[11]</a><br />
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In public works, the unskilled workers were involved mostly in road building and in railway construction. Others who had a craft or a technical background derived from Malta’s particular orientation, such as the dockyard, found jobs as, [p.363] for example, boiler makers and mechanics. Still others went into commerce, be that transport or shop-keeping. Dr Henry Stabile, who was born in Smyrna on 3 September 1922, just before the genocide, knew that the pilot at the port of Smyrna was Maltese.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" title="">[12]</a> This was a position of considerable responsibility and reflected a marked degree of integration through ability, by dint of expertise and hard work, within Smyrna society.<br />
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Once again typically, Cilia La Corte’s father was a chargeman or stevedore, responsible for heavers loading and unloading merchandise in the port. His elder brother, Freddie, who was a polyglot, became a clerk at the British consulate in Smyrna. The grandfather, Johnnie, who had first moved to Smyrna, had been a Valletta sculptor with much custom in the churches. Around 1865, he had been invited by the Dominican priory there to do some work for them in the church – they had even paid for his trip – and he never returned to Malta. Inevitably, church and religion were central to Maltese migrant life, as they were back home and generally everywhere else in Maltese overseas settlement. In Smyrna, as a child, our interviewee remembered two priests, a Fr Camilleri from Senglea and a Fr Caruana from Hamrun. As in cosmopolitan Egyptian, Tunisian, Algerian and other predominantly Muslim cities within a European sphere of influence, there were Catholic schools. Stabile went to the French-run Jesuit College, Cilia La Corte to the Italian Salesians. In 1927-1937, Smyrna – Izmir by then – would have a Maltese archbishop, Fr Edward Tonna, former parish priest at St Helen’s and, from 1950 onwards, a Malta-born Franciscan, Leonard Testa, running St Helen’s parish.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn14" name="_ftnref14" title="">[13]</a> Both Willie Buhagiar, a Catholic, and Ahmed Calik, a Muslim, attended St Joseph’s school in Izmir: they were class mates.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn15" name="_ftnref15" title="">[14]</a><br />
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Not all jobs held by migrant settlers in pre-1922 Smyrna had a Maltese pedigree. Smyrna had tobacco factories, of which there had been a whiff in Malta (such as Howard’s Atlam cigarette factory), but more important was the fig factory. Figs were a main product and export, so several Maltese gravitated into this kind of employment where figs would be selected and packed mainly for export. Stabile’s father and uncle knew Smyrna’s fig export industry well. In [p.364] research conducted at the Jesuit College, together with a Frenchman, Herr Jung, they had discovered a method to preserve figs from rotting during out-bound journeys in the train wagons. This Stabile-Jung method, which consisted of temperature regulation and sterilization, was sufficiently acclaimed for Stabile’s uncle to be invited back later by the Turkish government in order to pursue his research, Dr Stabile recalled with pride.<br />
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The commercially bustling and culturally alive European milieu in Smyrna clearly permitted social mobility and self-improvement. Our interviewee’s mother was a Greek who taught classical Greek and music at the Jesuit College and spoke fluent French; his uncle was a music professor, his grandfather a classical guitar player. There was no inter-marriage between Maltese and Muslims, but among the European communities inter-marriage was not uncommon. Many of the Maltese in Smyrna, as in Alexandria, came to speak other languages such as Greek, French and Italian, even Turkish, sometimes retaining Maltese. As in Algeria and Tunisia, English was less well-known in Smyrna than in Alexandria or Cairo, where Lord Cromer and Lord Lloyd strove to foster it partly to deter British subjects – read Maltese – from attending French and Italian schools in a British-dominated territory. Most <i>Maltin ta’ Smyrna</i>, arriving in Malta usually for the first time in the 1920s, had problems with English until they could acclimatize themselves to colonial conditions. Dr Stabile had to wait another three years before he could start his course in medicine because he had matriculated with an ‘A’ in every subject except English.<br />
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From what Stabile remembered, through the many reminiscences and conversations mainly with his learned mother, the Maltese in Smyrna tended to be a rather closed community, with some exceptions; but, in spite of the pettiness and gossip and class differences, they would always lend a hand to help one another, especially in matters of health. There was no Maltese ghetto. Although Mr Buttigieg said that there was no one Maltese ‘quarter’ as the Maltese were spread all around, he must have meant around the European area, which itself was concentrated close to the port, mostly in the streets running parallel to the shoreline. <i>La Punta</i>, where he has his office and where his family lived, is in the northern tip which was largely spared the fire, hence the still surviving wooden balconies. Lawrence Attard has noted that the Maltese in Smyrna were mostly settled in Karsiyaka (<i>Cordelio</i>) and in the old quarter of the city. Most Maltese in Smyrna – as in Australia today – owned their own houses. Both the Stabile and Cilia La Corte families in Malta would eventually receive a few hundred pounds each, by way of war compensation, through an accord with the British government, for property lost in the fire/genocide.<br />
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Tremendous demographic movements took place as a result of the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923 and other Greco-Turkish accommodations. Hundreds of [p.365]<br />
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<b>Mr Willie Buttigieg, the British Consul at Izmir, is a third-generation Maltese of Smyrna. Cf pp. 358 and 342.<br />(</b><b><i>Photo: </i></b><b>Prof H. Frendo)</b></div>
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<b>Wooden balconies in the area formerly known </b><b>as </b><b><i>La Punta </i></b><b>in Smyrna. </b><b>These balconies have survived mainly because this area was largely spared the fires which accompanied the Turkish violent occupation of the city in 1922.<br />(</b><b><i>Photo: </i></b><b>Prof H. Frendo)</b></div>
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<b>A closer look at one of the wooden balconies at the former </b><b><i>La Punta</i></b><b>, </b><b>Smyrna.<br />(</b><i>Photo: </i><b>Prof H. Frendo)</b></div>
[p.366] thousands of Greeks in Turkey and of Turks in Greece were transplanted in a massive population exchange. For example, Calik’s family came to Turkey from Crete; his wife’s from Bulgaria.<br />
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For the Maltese of Smyrna, life was not rosy at all. Those who could not get out on British ships at the time of the evacuation in September 1922, had to survive by whatever means they had or could have access to. Stabile and Cilia La Corte made it on HMS <i>Maine </i>and went through the rigmarole that awaited those initial four score Maltese refugees in a home country they generally did not know and whose language they did not speak. They were housed, for years, first at Lazzaretto, then at Ricasoli Barracks, in three blocks. Cilia La Corte remembers many of them – Bonnici, Darmanin, Pullicino, Cilia, Stabile, Fenech, Buhagiar … and a few Englishmen too. These were offered accommodation ‘at Strickland’s College’ (St Edward’s). Until 1929, the Smyrna refugees in Malta depended largely on rations and handouts, which were generous, but they could not go out to work. Eventually, this restriction was eased. Henry Stabile’s father Salvu, who was a special fitter, found employment at the dockyard. One Buttigieg opened a confectionery shop, another started as a barber. ‘It was up to you to find your own way.’<br />
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For the Maltese descendants back in Smyrna, however, conditions went from bad to worse. In 1932, President Ataturk’s regime made it illegal as a rule for people with foreign passports to work in Turkey – and that included occupations such as barbers, porters, waiters, etc. This meant that life became so much more difficult for Maltese engaged in clerical work, on the railways, as stevedores or in any small service-related enterprise. In 1934, a law on settlement permitted permanent settlement in Turkey only to ‘persons of Turkish culture and descent’. The Treaty of Lausanne had not even granted minority status to Catholics or Protestants, though what that was worth in real terms is questionable because Greek Orthodox and Armenians had it [<i>sic</i>].<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn16" name="_ftnref16" title="">[15]</a> According to a petition from Antonio Borg in 1937, seventy-five per cent of the Maltese were ‘skilled manual workers’, a few were professionals or in business, others were blue collar workers.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn17" name="_ftnref17" title="">[16]</a> Two hundred more refugees managed to get out and make it to Malta at this time. <i>The Sunday Express </i>in London carried a report about ‘two hundred Maltese crosses’ who had been ordered to leave Turkey within a week, forcing several to disperse to the Greek islands in the Aegean. Already, during the First World War, several had left Turkey and, to escape internment, moved elsewhere, particularly to Egypt, noted Ivan Magri-Overend, who lived in Cairo. ‘Others preferred to stay.’<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn18" name="_ftnref18" title="">[17]</a> But it was [p.367] not easy – after 1922, most were now destitute. As amply shown by the copious, pathetic Maltese petitions from Smyrna begging Britain for help, transmitted via the British consulate to the Foreign Office, most Maltese were living in misery, some were on the verge of starvation.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn19" name="_ftnref19" title="">[18]</a><br />
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The figures of Maltese still in Istanbul and Smyrna varied but seemed to average at 1,500, of whom 500 were in Izmir. Relief allowances also varied, sometimes including road taxes and school fees, but generally these were the barest minimum possible for literally keeping body and soul together. In the late 1930s, before the Second World War, this aid was on a 50%-50% arrangement between the imperial treasury and the Malta government. Maltese petitioners from Smyrna asked for refunds for road taxes and school fees for 16 Maltese girls attending the <i>école fran</i><i>ç</i><i>aise</i>: the parents were having to sell their clothes and their few possessions. The British preferred Maltese children to attend a school such as St Joseph’s rather than French or especially Italian schools, but Maltese complained that the Italians were doing much more to help their nationals in distress than the British. British prestige was at stake as other ethnic groups often jeered and looked down on the Maltese who were reduced to an abject state, the more so when a life of acute dependence mixed with an enforced idleness.<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn20" name="_ftnref20" title="">[19]</a><br />
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The Maltese were afraid to let go of their British passports whatever the cost but British assistance apparently remained the easiest way out – periodic minimal relief handouts. Prospects of resettling the Maltese in Cyprus, or Australia, or Brazil, or in Malta, all proved unfeasible. When war broke out again in 1939, the situation became still more desperate, as some two hundred others were advised to leave for the U.K., Australia or wherever. According to Nicholas Chircop, some of the ethnic Maltese who had retained their British citizenship in Turkey were evacuated from Greece and Turkey and some admitted to Egypt, where young men of military age joined the Services:<br />
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‘I remember some of them going through, as myself, their training at the I.T.D. (Infantry Training Depot) at Fayed, 182 km from Cairo, a desert locality east of the Suez Canal. In Alexandria, some of their children joined the “Maltese Scout Group”, and as their elders all spoke Greek and Turkish as a primary language.’<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn21" name="_ftnref21" title="">[20]</a><br />
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[p.368] In the general evacuation of 1942, as the world war spread eastwards, some 1,000 men, women and children of Maltese descent from the Balkans, including Turkey, found themselves in a camp in India until, no less than six years later, many of them resettled in Australia and elsewhere. Their plight has been well detailed in an MA thesis by a Canadian scholar and librarian, John Darrich Crawford, of which at his behest I had a copy deposited in the University of Malta’s Melitensia section. In his words:<br />
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‘As the Germans advanced into the Balkans in 1941, the British government decided to evacuate all British citizens in the area. Somewhere between 700 and 1000 persons described as Maltese were evacuated to India in January, 1942. The nucleus of this group remained in India until 1948 when they moved first to Eritrea in East Africa and then to Cyprus before their final dispersal. Everywhere during this journey, individuals or small groups made alternative dispositions. When the main party left India, a group of some forty people stayed behind, having made arrangements to travel to Australia or New Zealand.’<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftn22" name="_ftnref22" title="">[21]</a><br />
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Crawford called it ‘the Maltese Odyssey’. Truly it was more in the nature of a Greek tragedy. What this disorienting chimeric quest for a decent family livelihood in a civil society in peace meant is: that for several among the hapless surviving <i>Maltin ta’ Smyrna</i>, after so much misery and suffering that knew its origins to September 1922, it would be 26 years before they and their families could find a final resting place. Some no doubt would have already found one, of a different kind, along the way. A specimen of intolerance, exclusion and indifference, as well as of perseverance, survival and faith, here is a story of greater woe than that faced by any other Maltese migrant community in the whole history of Maltese overseas settlement since the eighteenth century.<br />
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And yet, nationality dies so hard that it still flickers on even in today’s Izmir and through the memories and records passed on to us by other Smyrna survivors such as Henry Stabile and Vincent Cilia La Corte.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title="">*</a> <b>Henry Frendo </b>is Professor of History at the University of Malta and has been a visiting professor at Florence, Salzburg, Cambridge, New Orleans, Indiana, Enna, Urbino and Melbourne. He is the author of several seminal historical works covering a variety of aspects especially about Malta, is consultant to three encyclopaedias, and has been an International Visitor to the UK, USA, Germany, the EU, and a member of the European Intellectual Summit in 2004. He has also edited, produced and presented radio and TV documentary or discussion programmes. His writings have been published in Malta, Britain, Italy, France, Germany, Switzerland, Spain, Egypt, the USA, Australia and India with his main research and teaching interests being imperialism, nationalism, decolonization and post-colonialism, modern European political and cultural development, European historiography, migration, the press and media, and a special interest in political parties and the relationship of language-culture to nationality-statehood. Professor Frendo currently chairs the University of Malta’s Editorial Board/University Press and directs the Institute of Maltese Studies. He also chairs Malta's refugee appeals Tribunal.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title="">[1]</a> Visit, for example, the website by Roberto Lopez (Sao Paolo, Brazil) on http//www. HellenicGenocide.org. and the photo album on Smyrna (http://smyrni.5) by Konstantinos Chatzikyriakos, including a zoned map of Smyrna before the fire. On all this see, inter alia, M. Housepian Dobkin,<i>Smyrna</i><i> 1922: The Destruction of a City</i>, Newmark Press, New York 1989; G. Milton, <i>Paradise Lost: Smyrna 1922: The Destruction of Islam’s City of Tolerance</i>, 2008. A period account and testimony would be that by Rev. Charles Dobson, ‘The Smyrna Holocaust’, in L. Oeconomos (ed), <i>The Tragedy of the Christian Near East</i>, The Anglo- Hellenic League, London 1923.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title="">[2]</a> Smyrna was an Anatolian word from the place-name Tismyrna in the ancient Ionian dialect, written ‘Smyrna’ in Attican, centuries before Christ; Izmir is said to be derived form it.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title="">[3]</a> Akif Erdogru, ‘The Great Siege of Malta (1565): New Information from the Ottoman Perspective’. Rather than the dismissive ‘Malta yok’ anecdote, he held the Great Siege to have been ‘one of the most cumbersome and large-scaled campaigns led by the Ottomans in the Mediterranean during the 16th century’. He was unaware of Professor Arnold Cassola’s book on the subject (to which I referred him) which seems to have tapped the same or part of the same sources (the proceedings of the Ottoman High Court – <i>Muhimme Defterleri</i>) of 1564-1565.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title="">[4]</a> 4 Interview with Vincent Cilia La Corte, 82, by Jesmond Saliba (Malta, 1992).</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title="">[5]</a> Interviews with the Hon. Willie Buttigieg (Izmir, Turkey, 6 and 7 May 2010).</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title="">[6]</a> Interviews with the Hon. Ahmed Calik (Izmir, Turkey, 7 and 8 May 2010).</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title="">[7]</a> Interviews with Professor Akif Erdogru (Izmir, Turkey, 5 and 7 May 2010).</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title="">[8]</a> Interviews with Fr Alphonse Sammut (Malta, 2010)</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" title="">[9]</a> This fact, mentioned to me by Fr Sammut when I met him at his Birkirkara convent in January 2010, was also mentioned in 1991 by Fr Joe Calleja (after being in Istanbul and in close touch with Fr Sammut): ‘The Maltese cross, worked in stone, is still visible in some balcony.’ See <i>infra</i>, fn.13. The reference appears to have been to ‘some balcony’ in Istanbul, not Smyrna.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" title="">[10]</a> L.E. Attard, ‘Maltese migrants in Izmir (1840-1940)’, <i>The Sunday Times </i>(of Malta), 7 July 1996, 42-43.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref12" name="_ftn12" title="">[11]</a> Mary Borg was 17 when she arrived in Malta from Smyrna together with her sister and widowed mother; they took up residence in Cospicua Road, Paola. The father had died during ‘the occupation’ (<i>l-okkupazzjoni</i>). Her younger brother had also died. The elder brother emigrated to the Belgian Congo, returning to Malta forty years later but, as he could not settle here, he quickly left again.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13" title="">[12]</a> Dr Stabile was interviewed in 1993 by one of my migration students at the time, Jesmond Saliba; he also let us have various family documents which he was keen to share, including Smyrna baptism and marriage certificates as well as a personal/family account of goings-on in Smyrna and Malta upon arrival, and an exchange of letters.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref14" name="_ftn14" title="">[13]</a> Attard, <i>supra</i>, fn. 10. This article made reference to various parish archives and the assistance of Fr Leonard Testa, indicating a practising Maltese Catholic presence since 1840. Complementary to this is another researched article, including other even earlier parish archives, by Fr Joe Calleja ‘Maltese buried in a Christian cemetery in Istanbul’, <i>The Times </i>(of Malta), 31 Mar. 1991, pp. 36-37, when the parish priest at St Antoine in Galata Saray was Fr Alphonse Sammut, noting, among others, the following names: de Brockdorff, Pisani, Preziosi, Portelli, Orr, Ferry, Calleja-Violi, Griscti, Spiteri, Dandria, Falzon, Schembri, Grima, Caruana, Buhagiar, Filletti, Testa… See also Michael Galea, ‘Dr Lewis F. Mizzi (1848-1935) – a profile’, <i>The Times </i>(of Malta), 14 Oct. 1990, p. 32.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref15" name="_ftn15" title="">[14]</a> According to Calik, a maritime lawyer, there still is another operational St Joseph School in Istanbul.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref16" name="_ftn16" title="">[15]</a> See Ibrahim Kaya, <i>Circular Migration and Turkey: A Legal Perspective, </i>European University Institute, Fiesole 2007.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref17" name="_ftn17" title="">[16]</a> Antonio Borg petition, Smyrna, 24 Jan. 1937, consular enc. k 9641, cited in Theuma, f. 3. Refer to fn. 18, <i>infra</i>.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref18" name="_ftn18" title="">[17]</a> I. Magri-Overend, ‘Notes on Maltese Migration to North Africa and Turkey’, unpublished mimeographed paper, Maltese Migrants’ Convention, Valletta, 4 Aug. 1969, f. 5 (by courtesy of Dr Pierre Dimech in Salon-de-Provence, France).</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref19" name="_ftn19" title="">[18]</a> In 1993, I had given a batch of such petitions and exchanges, which I had copied at the then Public Record Office, to one Frank Theuma, who was reading migration studies with me, to look at, as he duly and diligently did. I had no recollection of this had he not reminded me of it himself at the maritime history conference in May 2010, which he attended and addressed, in Izmir. Now teaching in Copenhagen, he is furthering his post-graduate studies but this Smyrna affair had obviously and understandably made some impression on him as an under-graduate. I have even retraced a copy of his essay with references to the consigned original correspondence papers.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref20" name="_ftn20" title="">[19]</a> On the schools question, see the petitions of 28 January 1937 and 10 March 1937 forwarded to the Foreign Office from the British consulate on k7961.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref21" name="_ftn21" title="">[20]</a> N.D. Chircop, <i>The Maltese Levantine Experience</i>, Melbourne 1994, 90.</div>
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<a href="http://mhs.eu.pn/60/60_24.html#_ftnref22" name="_ftn22" title="">[21]</a> J.D. Crawford, <i>The Maltese Diaspora: The Historical Development of Migration from Malta</i>, unpublished MA dissertation presented to the University of Victoria, Canada, 1984, 68-69. See also J.D. Crawford, ‘The Maltese Odyssey’, <i>The Maltese Herald</i>, Sydney, 14 Feb. 1989; and Chircop, 99-104.</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-69903254956431398852015-01-07T00:00:00.000-05:002015-01-07T00:00:05.721-05:00Luftwaffe - Battle for Malta<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Between the summer of 1940 and the end of 1942, Malta became one of the most bombed places on earth. </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Fliegerkorps X was an experienced anti-shipping unit that had fought in Norway and Denmark. 200 bombers and sixty-six fighters were pitted against the beleaguered Maltese defenders. </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">The RAF and Royal Navy's desperate fight to retain control of the diminutive Mediterranean island, and the defiant courage of the people of Malta, is one of the epic stories of World War Two.</span><br />
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-59937631304542508682015-01-01T00:00:00.000-05:002015-01-01T00:00:05.748-05:00The Beautiful Islands of Malta: Mediterranean Paradise. "Full tour" of "Malta and Gozo" by Kevin Kilpatrick<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">This was filmed over a number of Visits to Malta, I have tried to cover the whole islands, showing what there is to see in this really beautiful place. The people are really friendly, food and weather are Fantastic. Beaches are a little Limited, but there is Sooo much to see and do. </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Other Mediterranean Islands on my Channel</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Sicily; </span><a class="yt-uix-redirect-link" dir="ltr" href="http://youtu.be/th2OV7LxJVI" rel="nofollow" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #167ac6; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" target="_blank" title="http://youtu.be/th2OV7LxJVI">http://youtu.be/th2OV7LxJVI</a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Majorca; </span><a class="yt-uix-redirect-link" dir="ltr" href="http://youtu.be/aVyt60E3Ctk" rel="nofollow" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #167ac6; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank" title="http://youtu.be/aVyt60E3Ctk">http://youtu.be/aVyt60E3Ctk</a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Corfu; </span><a class="yt-uix-redirect-link" dir="ltr" href="http://youtu.be/6WOxfNtbGTY" rel="nofollow" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #167ac6; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank" title="http://youtu.be/6WOxfNtbGTY">http://youtu.be/6WOxfNtbGTY</a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Malta; Glass Bottomed Boat; </span><a class="yt-uix-redirect-link" dir="ltr" href="http://youtu.be/Qmn2hEBQek8" rel="nofollow" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #167ac6; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank" title="http://youtu.be/Qmn2hEBQek8">http://youtu.be/Qmn2hEBQek8</a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Malta-Driving on Malta; </span><a class="yt-uix-redirect-link" dir="ltr" href="http://youtu.be/THvdBfXWdYg" rel="nofollow" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #167ac6; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank" title="http://youtu.be/THvdBfXWdYg">http://youtu.be/THvdBfXWdYg</a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Malta-Grand Harbour Tour; </span><a class="yt-uix-redirect-link" dir="ltr" href="http://youtu.be/w-862jzyhBM" rel="nofollow" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #167ac6; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank" title="http://youtu.be/w-862jzyhBM">http://youtu.be/w-862jzyhBM</a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Malta- Ancient Monuments; </span><a class="yt-uix-redirect-link" dir="ltr" href="http://youtu.be/9JXCytpDStw" rel="nofollow" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #167ac6; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank" title="http://youtu.be/9JXCytpDStw">http://youtu.be/9JXCytpDStw</a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">Malta. officially the Republic of Malta, is a Southern European country consisting of an archipelago situated in the centre of the Mediterranean, 80 km (50 mi) south of Sicily, 284 km (176 mi) east of Tunisia and 333 km (207 mi) north of Libya, with Gibraltar 1,755 km (1,091 mi) to the west and Alexandria 1,508 km (937 mi) to the east.[8] Malta covers just over 316 km2 (122 sq mi) in land area, making it one of the world's smallest states.[9][10][11] It is also one of the most densely populated countries worldwide. The de facto capital city of Malta is Valletta; the largest town, Birkirkara. The main island comprises many towns, which together form one Larger Urban Zone (LUZ) with a population of 368,250 according to Eurostat. The country has two official languages, Maltese (constitutionally the national language) and English.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; line-height: 17px;">This was filmed in SD and has been Upscaled to HD.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; line-height: 17px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">http://youtu.be/PDvEIx1RaN0</span></span><br />
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<a class="g-hovercard yt-uix-sessionlink yt-user-name " data-name="watch" data-sessionlink="ei=mjJBVKPuKMHkqAPxj4CIDQ&feature=watch" data-ytid="UCL6cG99Ll4AjpooYP4g2iEw" dir="ltr" href="http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCL6cG99Ll4AjpooYP4g2iEw" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.7272720336914px; font-weight: bold; height: 22px; line-height: 11.8181819915771px; margin: 0px; max-width: 315px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-overflow: ellipsis; vertical-align: top; white-space: nowrap;">Kevin Kilpatrick</a></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-16678179855047536042014-12-24T00:00:00.000-05:002014-12-24T00:00:05.872-05:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Ninni la Tibkix Izjed: Maltese Christmas Carol<br />
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-56915092305186303802014-12-23T01:00:00.000-05:002014-12-23T01:00:04.936-05:00How to Celebrate a Maltese Christmas<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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How to Celebrate a Maltese Christmas</h1>
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Christmas in the Mediterranean country of Malta, officially the Republic of Malta, is a lot like Christmas in the United States. In modern times, the country has <a class="itxtnewhook itxthook" href="http://www.ehow.com/how_2302343_celebrate-maltese-christmas.html#" id="itxthook0" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: none; border: 0px transparent; display: inline; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><span class="itxtrst itxtrstspan itxtnowrap" id="itxthook0p"><span class="itxtrst itxtrstspan itxtnowrap itxtnewhookspan" id="itxthook0w" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: transparent transparent rgb(0, 204, 0); border-style: none none solid; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; color: #009900; font-size: 100%; font-weight: normal; padding: 0px 0px 1px !important; text-decoration: underline !important;">adopted</span><img class="itxtrst itxtrstimg itxthookicon" src="http://images.intellitxt.com/ast/adTypes/icon1.png" id="itxthook0icon" style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px !important; vertical-align: baseline !important;" /></span></a> many practices popular in the west, like hanging stockings, wrapping gifts and putting them under a Christmas tree, and singing carols.But many old traditions have remained steadfast as well. Here’s a crash course in celebrating a Maltese Christmas, whether you plan on visiting the beautiful country during the holidays or just adding some culture-rich flair to your own celebration. </div>
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How to Celebrate a Maltese Christmas</h2>
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<li class="step "><span class="stepNumber">1</span> <div class="stepMeat">
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Attend mass--Christmas Eve’s midnight mass is the most important of the holiday’s traditions in Malta. Because the country is widely Catholic, churches are heavily populated for this ceremony.</div>
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Listen to a <a class="itxtnewhook itxthook" href="http://www.ehow.com/how_2302343_celebrate-maltese-christmas.html#" id="itxthook1" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: none; border: 0px transparent; display: inline; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><span class="itxtrst itxtrstspan itxtnowrap" id="itxthook1p"><span class="itxtrst itxtrstspan itxtnowrap itxtnewhookspan" id="itxthook1w" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: transparent transparent rgb(0, 204, 0); border-style: none none solid; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; color: #009900; font-size: 100%; font-weight: normal; padding: 0px 0px 1px !important; text-decoration: underline !important;">child's</span><img class="itxtrst itxtrstimg itxthookicon" src="http://images.intellitxt.com/ast/adTypes/icon1.png" id="itxthook1icon" style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px !important; vertical-align: baseline !important;" /></span></a> sermon--During the midnight mass ceremony, a boy or a girl, normally aged 7 to 10 years old, does the preaching instead of the priest. This is called 'Priedka tat-Tifel' which means the preaching of the child.</div>
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<li class="step "><span class="stepNumber">3</span> <div class="stepMeat">
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Build a nativity scene--In Malta nativity scenes are called cribs, or pasture. Scenes are displayed in churches and most homes, complete with figurines representing Jesus, Mary and Joseph. The nativity scene is also popular in the United States, but in Malta, it is a staple of the celebration.</div>
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Plant some grain--In Malta, it is also tradition to sow wheat, grain and canary seed, called 'gulbiena', on cotton buds in flat pans five weeks before Christmas. The buds are left in dark corners in the house until the seeds produce white grass-like shoots. The pans with the fully-grown shoots are then used to decorate the crib or the statue of <a class="itxtnewhook itxthook" href="http://www.ehow.com/how_2302343_celebrate-maltese-christmas.html#" id="itxthook2" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: none; border: 0px transparent; display: inline; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><span class="itxtrst itxtrstspan itxtnowrap" id="itxthook2p"><span class="itxtrst itxtrstspan itxtnowrap itxtnewhookspan" id="itxthook2w" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: transparent transparent rgb(0, 204, 0); border-style: none none solid; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; color: #009900; font-size: 100%; font-weight: normal; padding: 0px 0px 1px !important; text-decoration: underline !important;">Baby</span><img class="itxtrst itxtrstimg itxthookicon" src="http://images.intellitxt.com/ast/adTypes/icon1.png" id="itxthook2icon" style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px !important; vertical-align: baseline !important;" /></span></a> Jesus.</div>
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Cook a big dinner--Today, the traditional Maltese Christmas menu has changed a bit, giving way to the Christmas Turkey and sides just as is popular in the United States. Mince pies are also a hit for the holidays in Malta.</div>
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Watch a parade--The Procession of the Baby Jesus, a parade of sorts in which a priest carries a doll symbolizing Jesus is a big part of the Maltese Christmas tradition. It has been held each year since its inception by the venerable Dun Gorg Preca, the recently beatified founder of the society for the teaching of Holy Doctrine, the M.U.S.E.U.M.</div>
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Decorate the tree--In modern times, the Maltese, put up Christmas trees in their homes, hang and stuff stockings and unwrap gifts with their loved ones on Christmas Eve. The children also anxiously await a visit from Santa Clause as is celebrated in the United States.</div>
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<h2 class="header Heading3">
How To Celebrate an Old-Fashioned Maltese Christmas</h2>
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Bake a rooster with veggies--Though the times have changed the Maltese Christmas menu, traditionally, the Maltese house-wife kept the fattest rooster, or 'hasi', especially for Christmas lunch, which was roasted at the local bakery in a casserole with potatoes and vegetables. The traditional desert served at Christmas was the Treacle Ring, 'Qaghqa tal-Ghasel', and to top off the meal, a hot chestnut and cocoa soup, 'Imbuljuta tal-Qastan', which is still served as a night cap during the cold December days in Malta.</div>
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Go on a fast--Christmas in Malta used to be celebrated with a four-week fast leading up to Christmas Eve and culminating in the Midnight Mass. After mass, people would feast on traditional sweets like honey-filled rings, figs, chestnut syrup and deep-fried date-rolls, known as mqaret.</div>
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<li class="step "><span class="stepNumber">10</span> <div class="stepMeat">
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Hand out cash--Santa Clause was not part of the traditional Maltese Christmas. In the past, presents were given in the form of money on New Year’s Day, called l-Istrina.</div>
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</ul>
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</section></section></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-10730224741753013182014-11-07T00:00:00.000-05:002014-11-07T00:00:02.010-05:00Speak Maltese - the Alphabet<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-35631891075436021472014-10-31T00:00:00.000-04:002014-10-31T00:00:01.022-04:00Speak Maltese - Days<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-75172096127648190842014-10-29T00:00:00.000-04:002014-10-29T00:00:04.278-04:00German-Maltese Circle History<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<tr><td align="justify" background="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/images/PageBgTiled.jpg" style="padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px;" valign="top" width="100%"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">It was on the 18th October 1962 that a small number of persons eager to enhance the propagation of German culture on the Island, accepted the invitation of Chev. Elias Zammit, M.B.E., K.M., then Consul General of the Federal Republic of Germany in Malta, to meet in his office, in what is today Republic Street in Valletta in order to form an Association with the aim of fostering better relations between the two nations. During this historic meeting, the members present, signed in the presence of the then German Ambassador for the United Kingdom, H.E. Dr. Hasso von Etsdorf, the <a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/memorandumofassociation.htm" style="color: orangered; font-family: verdana;">Memorandum of Association</a>, which gave formal and legal birth to the German-Maltese Circle.<br /></span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">The members of this new Association, numbering then around 60 persons, started meeting regularly once a month in the office of the German Consulate in Valletta. Within a few months the first statute of the German-Maltese Circle was formulated and approved. Chev. Elias Zammit became the Circle's first President, a post he held until 1965. In 1964, the German-Maltese Circle organised its first public activities with the visit to Malta of the Bielefeld Youth Chamber Choir and with an active participation during the official visit in Malta of the German Navy Frigates, the "Graf Spee" and the "Hipper".</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/zoom/dureretchings.htm" style="color: orangered; font-family: verdana;" target="_blank"><img align="left" alt="Click here to enlarge" border="0" height="167" src="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/images/HistoryOneSmall.jpg" width="238" /></a>Mr. John P. Pisani was the Circle's second President between 1965 and 1969. In November 1966, the German-Maltese Circle rented a small flat in Scots Street, in Valletta, where the members used to meet once weekly. During that same year, the Circle's Committee donated a collection of etchings on the Apocalypse by the famous German artist Albrecht Dürer to the Cathedral Museum in Mdina, where one can still admire it in what is commonly referred to as Dürer's Hall. The first German language courses organised by the German-Maltese Circle for adults were launched in April 1967. For want of proper space and facilities, these courses were then held in the premises of the Old University Buildings in St. Paul's Street, Valletta under the guidance of Rev. J. Milne, M.A., B.D.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">Following the course of some of the most hotly debated General Meetings in the history of the German-Maltese Circle, a new Statute was approved in December 1968. Through the assistance of the then German Ambassador to Malta, H.E. Dr. Karl Gustav Wollenweber, the German-Maltese Circle organised in November 1969 a grand concert with the participation of the famous German pianist Prof. Detlef Krauss.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">Dr Edwin L. Craig, M.D., was elected President of the German-Maltese Circle in 1969, to be followed in 1970 by Chev. Carmel Fenech. In November 1970, the German-Maltese Circle moved to a bigger flat situated in Gunlayer Street, Floriana. Amongst the activities which were organised to mark the official opening of this new premises, one can mention the Beethoven Exhibition, the concert by Prof. Ludwig Holscher and Prof. Karl Lautner and the planting of twenty-two trees in a part of Boschetto Gardens which part became henceforth known as the German Grove.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">In 1971, Professor Ralph Dahrendorf, then Under Secretary of State of the Federal Republic of Germany, paid an official visit to Malta. This visit turned out to be of utmost importance in establishing the German-Maltese Circle into the healthy Association we know today. On the initiative of the then German Ambassador, H.E. Baron York Alexander von Wendland, Professor Ralph Dahrendorf entered into discussions with the Circle's officials. He soon realised the potential and the important role which the German-Maltese Circle could play towards fostering a healthy atmosphere in the field of good relations between Germany and Malta. Through his direct intervention arrangements were made so that, the Circle receives financial assistance from the Government of the Federal Republic which funds go towards the promotion of the German language and culture.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">It is worthwhile recalling here that in the period between 1965 and 1975, the German-Maltese Circle made quite a name for itself in the field of social entertaining and sports activities. These very popular activities which were organised on a very regular basis were most important in promoting the Circle’s name and objectives, thus increasing its membership numbers. With membership always on the increase, with a bigger demand for the German language and with the Circle's Committee's wish to involve itself much more in the organisation of cultural activities, the need arose for the Circle to find a more central and spacious premises.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/zoom/1a-RCK.CLUB.ngs1.jpg" style="color: orangered; font-family: verdana;"><img align="right" alt="Click here to enlarge" border="0" height="210" src="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/images/HistoryTwoSmall.jpg" width="147" /></a><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">It was therefore with great joy and with a deep sense of satisfaction to all that on the 23rd May 1975, the German Ambassador, H.E. Herr Hans-Joachim Steinbach together with the Hon. Dr. Anton Buttigieg, then Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Justice, and in the presence of many distinguished guests, officially opened <a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/messinapalace.htm" style="color: orangered; font-family: verdana;">Messina Palace</a> in St. Christopher Street, Valletta as the German-Maltese Circle's new premises. This majestic Palace, formerly known as Casa Rocca Grande, was built towards the end of the 16th Century by Fra Pietro La Rocca, Prior of Santo Stefano and later Admiral of the Fleet of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem.<br /></span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">The number of cultural <a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/activities/activities.htm" style="color: orangered; font-family: verdana;">activities</a> with the participation of Maltese and of German artists and personalities which were organised under the auspices of the German-Maltese Circle since then are too numerous and varied to be listed. Messina Palace has been the venue and has given a bigger and a more elegant dimension to the exhibitions, vocal and instrumental concerts, recitals, liederabends, lectures, forums, seminars and to all sorts of socio-cultural events organised or hosted there by the German-Maltese Circle.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">On the personal initiative of the German Ambassador H.E. Herr Kurt Schmidt, the German-Maltese Circle organised a Film Festival of German Opera in 1979. This proved to be one of the most successful landmarks in the Circle's list of cultural events, with literally thousands of people from all walks of life crowding the Republic Hall at the Mediterranean Conference Centre in Valletta and the Catholic Institute in Floriana to watch these masterpieces on film. Between 1980 and 1987 the German-Maltese Circle sponsored German-Maltese Vocal and Instrumental Concerts at the Cathedral Museum in Mdina under the direction of Mro Joseph Vella. The main feature of these concerts was the premiere performance of a musical score by a composer whose works lay in the archives of the Mdina Cathedral Museum. These Concerts are considered as forming a vital part of Malta's musical history.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">The International Certificate Conference (ICC), a European Association whose aims are those of co-ordinating the work of Adult Education Centres in the field of tutor training and in the area of a uniform certificate system held one of its conferences in Messina Palace in November 1985. The German-Maltese Circle was at that time a member of the ICC. Through its collaboration with the Goethe Institute, the German-Maltese Circle can guarantee professional standards in its <a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/courses.htm" style="color: orangered; font-family: verdana;">German language courses</a> besides being the only examination centre in Malta which offers the well-known Goethe Institute Certificates.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/zoom/silverjubilee.htm" style="color: orangered; font-family: verdana;" target="_blank"><img align="left" alt="Click here to enlarge" border="0" height="164" src="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/images/HistoryThreeSmall.jpg" width="231" /></a>The Silver Jubilee Choral and Orchestral Concert with the participation of the Akkademja Chorus and Orchestra and of the Laudate Pueri Choir at the Cathedral Church in Mdina was the climax in a series of cultural events which were organised in 1987 under the Patronage of the then German Ambassador, H.E. Gottfried Pagenstert, a versatile personality who had great faith in the Association and who constantly worked towards enhancing the importance and popularity of the German-Maltese Circle not only locally but also in Germany. The German-Maltese Circle started organising in 1987 the German Pavilion at the International Trade Fair of Malta promoting Germany as Malta's largest trading partner - an event which has continued annually till 2002.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">An unprecedented decision by the Federal Government led to the German-Maltese Circle to acquire its own premises in 1989. The Federal Government in fact financed the purchase of Messina Palace which henceforth became the property of the Circle. Forty Years Federal Republic of Germany and twenty-five years of diplomatic relations between Germany and Malta in 1989 and in 1990 respectively, were two events commemorated by the Circle through the organisation of a varied programme of activities with the participation of Maltese and German personalities. 1990 also saw the visit to Messina Palace of the first President of a United Germany, H.E. Dr Richard von Weizsäcker. During that same year Deutsche Welle presented to the German-Maltese Circle a satellite TV reception system, while a group of a hundred youths from the former East Berlin were brought to Malta for a cultural visit with the assistance of the German-Maltese Circle.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">Another big success was registered with a German Music Week organised in 1998 under the patronage of H.E. Mr Gerhard Kunz who had replaced H.E. Dr Martin Florin as Ambassador of the Federal Republic in Malta. The highlight of this Week was a concert at St John’s Co-Cathedral in Valletta by the Konstanzer Kammerchor which attracted an audience of over 700.</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">The German-Maltese Circle celebrated the 250th Anniversary of Goethe’s birth with the theatrical production of “Faust” at the Malta Drydocks in 1999. The year 2000 saw the launching of the German-Maltese Circle on the Internet. During that same year the Circle celebrated its 38th Anniversary with the performance of Mendelsshon's Oratorio "Paulus" at St John's Co-Cathedral in Valletta wi</span><br />
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<span lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">In 2001, H.E. Mr Georg Merten became Germany's Ambassador to Malta while Mr Albert Friggieri was elected as the new President of the German-Maltese Circle. That same year, the Circle together with other European Cultural Centres represented on the Island, organised ILSNA - a musico-literary evening dedicated to the European Year of Languages (EYL) at the Nicolo Isouard Hall of the Manoel Theatre. The EYL was also the theme for a Poster and Essay Competition organised by the German-Maltese Circle. Hundreds of schoolchildren from all over Malta and Gozo submitted colourful posters for this Competition. The year 2001 also saw the introduction of German language courses for schoolchildren at Messina Palace.</span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">The fortieth Anniversary since the foundation of the German-Maltese Circle in 2002 was characterised by the many cultural events organised throughout the year amongst which was the contemporary dance production "Into the Blue" by the Jan Pusch Dance Company which performance took place at the Manoel Theatre.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">In January 2005 the German-Maltese Circle became a "<i>Kulturgesellschaft des Goethe Instituts</i>" (a Cultural Association of the Goethe Institute). Also that year, the Circle brought over the Compagnie Fredewess to give a public performance of yet another contemporary dance production called "Body Motion" at the Manoel Theatre. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">2007 saw the beginning of the presidency of Mrs Ingri</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small; text-align: left;">d Kidder who thus became the first German and the first female to lead our Association. The German-Maltese Circle celebrated its 45th Anniversary in 2007 which event culminated with the visit of the President of the Federal Republic of Germany, Prof. Dr. Horst Köhler to Messina Palace where he met German Nationals living in Malta.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">The German-Maltese Circle in collaboration with the Goethe Institute organised the First Festival of German Films at St James Cavalier in Valletta in 2009, an event which continues annually with great success. That same year, the German-Maltese Circle was licensed as a <i>Prüfungszentrum des Goethe Instituts,</i> with the consequence that all Goethe Institute examinations became available in Malta. Our Association took a leading role in the organisation of the Education Fair "Welcome to German!" which was held at the Maria Assumpta Girls Secondary School in Hamrun in October 2010. This event, held under the patronage of the then German Ambassador, H.E.Mr Bernd Braun was visited by over 1000 schoolchildren learning German in schools in Malta and Gozo.</span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-20150985694781439892014-10-24T00:00:00.000-04:002014-10-24T00:00:04.975-04:00Speak Maltese - The Clock<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-21659199570243427462014-10-23T00:00:00.000-04:002014-10-23T00:00:08.288-04:00Treasured Tribute of Spira Abela - Ray Sciberras<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-35856726150688719912014-10-21T00:00:00.000-04:002014-10-21T00:00:01.807-04:00German-Maltese Circle<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5aQnf5GjvCIS7XnmbQMWWZgmhTioIDrc-EUlKBVjobGAK_TBkICrNBxMi_K6Vk3hR-9k7ydm07fYF2nwRHFNzHYijVWL8AsA1yc_3W5-lKBbqkrCtJUM5aGKl_xsSwZadq_qbGb-HDCM/s1600/download.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5aQnf5GjvCIS7XnmbQMWWZgmhTioIDrc-EUlKBVjobGAK_TBkICrNBxMi_K6Vk3hR-9k7ydm07fYF2nwRHFNzHYijVWL8AsA1yc_3W5-lKBbqkrCtJUM5aGKl_xsSwZadq_qbGb-HDCM/s1600/download.jpg" /></a></div>
<a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/" target="_blank">http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/</a><div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><img border="0" height="20" src="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/images/Spacer_1.gif" width="20" /> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">The German-Maltese Circle was founded on the 18th October 1962 with the aim of "<i>promoting closer understanding between Germany and Malta in all appropriate fields of activity and relationship, excluding political activities"</i>. From a very modest beginning with a membership of about 60 persons and with no fixed premises of its own, the German-Maltese Circle grew through the years into a leading national adult education and cultural centre housed in a beautiful palace in the middle of Valletta.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" target="_blank"><img align="left" alt="One of the many concerts which are regularly held at Messina Palace" border="0" height="188" src="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/images/ProfileOneSmall.jpg" width="263" /></a>The German-Maltese Circle is an independent, non-profit making organisation which is administered by dedicated persons who freely oblige themselves to promote the Circle's ideals. To this end, the German-Maltese Circle has regularly organised various <a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/activities/activities.htm" style="color: orangered; font-family: verdana;">activities</a> such as exhibitions, film shows, cultural tours, forums, lectures, seminars, concerts, choral performances by visiting German choirs, <i>liederabende</i>, social and sports events - in fact, anything which helps to make especially the Maltese public more conscious of German culture and the German way of life. Between 1987 and 2002 the German-Maltese Circle has been responsible for the Pavilion of German products and services in the Malta International Trade Fair. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">A <a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/newsletters/Newsletter.htm" style="color: orangered; font-family: verdana;">newsletter</a> is regularly issued to help keep in touch with the Circle's members.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">A very important activity of the German-Maltese Circle is the organisation of German language <a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/generalinformation.htm" style="color: orangered; font-family: verdana;">courses</a> to adults and to schoolchildren. These courses which are very well attended are run under the auspices of the Goethe Institute which has granted to the Circle a Teaching Commission with Examination Licence. The Circle also offers specialised courses in German (say, for hotels or business) as well as conversation classes in German and a course for Germans to learn Maltese. Amongst the facilities offered, one finds a well-equipped book, audio, video and film <a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/library.htm" style="color: orangered; font-family: verdana;">library</a>, research and reference facilities, computer-aided learning software and German TV reception via satellite. Since 1981, the German-Maltese Circle has made it possible for persons resident in Malta to sit for the examinations offered by the Goethe Institute. Full cooperation is maintained by the Circle with the Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany in Malta, the Goethe Institute, the Deutscher Volkshochschul-Verband and with many other German and local institutions.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><img align="right" alt="H.E.Dr.Richard von Weizsäcker unveiling the commemorative plaque at Messina Palace with from the left, Mr Carmel Fenech, Dr Gottfried Pagenstert and Mr Victor H Sammut" border="0" height="156" src="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/images/ProfileTwoSmall.jpg" width="210" />It is impossible to mention the many personalities who have honoured by their presence the German-Maltese Circle, but perhaps one could mention Professor Ralph Dahrendorf, then Under-Secretary of State who having recognised the potential of our Association in the field of bi-lateral relations between the two countries, in 1971 approved the granting of regular financial assistance from the Government of the Federal Republic, Dr. Richard von Weizsacker who visited Messina Palace in 1990 as the first Federal President of a united Germany and President Prof.Dr. Horst Köhler in 2007.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/enrollment.htm" style="color: orangered; font-family: verdana;">Membership</a> to the German-Maltese Circle is open to all persons over 18 years of age although persons between 14 and 18 years are accepted as Junior members. The German-Maltese Circle also offers the possibility of Corporate bodies to become members.<br /><img border="0" height="20" src="http://www.germanmaltesecircle.org/images/Spacer_1.gif" width="20" /></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3754552626973269853.post-89702259924157500842014-10-17T00:00:00.000-04:002014-10-17T00:00:03.587-04:00Speak Maltese - Numbers<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Maltese Numbers<br />
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http://youtu.be/d556rxtZy8o</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00277649465775669629noreply@blogger.com0